The nature of literature therapy makes the book selection a highly individualized process. The ideal situation is where the characters in the book experience a similar problem to that which the reader is experiencing. The more important aspect of this is that the character expresses their emotions in a way that the reader can relate to. This interaction with the character leads to the ideal result of the reader understanding their own feelings or those of others in a better light or new way.
As a result of this, the process of book selection can be extremely difficult, especially when working with a group. The ideal outcome with a reading group is that readers will learn the process of recognizing their own emotions in those of the characters and develop the skill for themselves of dealing with their own emotions even if the book being read does not personally relate to them.
In Bibliotherapy for youth and adolescents: School-based application and research McCulliss and Chamberlain compiled the following suggestions when selecting a book:
1. Motivating and challenging experiences
2. Suitability to age, ability, and maturity
3. Elicits response
4. Range of literacy structures
5. Proper use of language
6. Broadens understanding of diversity
7. Develops sensitivity and understanding
In the same research, the following questions were suggested when identifying if a book was a good selection:
- Is the story simple, clear, brief, non-repetitious, and believable?
- Is it at an appropriate reading level and developmental level?
- Does the story fit with relevant feelings, needs, interests, and goal?
- Does it demonstrate cultural diversity, gender inclusivity, and sensitivity to aggression?
- Do characters show coping skills, and does the problem show resolution?
Most importantly the reader must form a connection with the characters or story in the book. As human beings, we have the ability to see ourselves in each other. The basis for literature therapy is that we develop this skill. Every book may not change your life, but reading a book is never a wasted experience.